Is Passive Management Approach still practical for Managing Biodiversity in a Changing Climate within Least Developed Countries?

Most of the least developed countries are managing their biodiversity using passive management approaches; leaving nature to take its own course. With the climate variability, extremes and change species are suffering from extreme and persistent droughts, floods, wildfires etc. Seconded by the increasing population of people who also depend on climate-sensitive sectors (farming, fishing, pastoralism) the situation in worse. Following crop failures, massive death of livestock etc, people are relying directly on the biodiversity resources closer to their areas as well as from further away. The increasing population is also leaving most of the protected areas as isolated ecological islands. Given the harsh situations (floods, droughts, wildfires, etc) organisms are restricted to escape to various refuge areas. Therefore, more need to be done to inform the policy and possibly switch from passive to active management of biodiversity for sustainable development; biodiversity conservation and sustained ecosystem goods and services.