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	<title>Earth System Visioning &#187; land-use</title>
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	<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org</link>
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		<title>What is the role of land-use change for the present, past, and future evolution of the Earth?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/what-is-the-role-of-land-use-change-for-the-present-past-and-future-evolution-of-the-earth/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/what-is-the-role-of-land-use-change-for-the-present-past-and-future-evolution-of-the-earth/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2009 08:19:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Nila</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth System]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CO2]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=710</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The elements for possible consideration in this question have global dimensions.  These elements range from carbon storage, food production, the water cycle, climate (including albedo), human societies, to migration.  Answering this question requires full Earth system models that are not yet up to the task, in part because the processes that connect key [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/what-is-the-role-of-land-use-change-for-the-present-past-and-future-evolution-of-the-earth/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>7</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to establish balanced use of agricultural land and better ecological function?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/balanced-use-of-agricultural-and-ecological-function/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/balanced-use-of-agricultural-and-ecological-function/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2009 12:20:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>greengard</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecosystems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[market system]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1160</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Agricultural land occupies about 10% of total land area, pastures not included. Its ecological influence (nutrient cycles, carbon storage, energy, water, biodiversity) is considerably larger. The sector is growing both in extent and intensity. The world needs good ecological function of this sector.
The main task for agriculture is to produce food for mankind. The present [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/balanced-use-of-agricultural-and-ecological-function/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What are the most effective and cost-efficient ways to influence local land use decision-making in order to achieve sustainable outcomes?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/influence-local-landuse-decision-making/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/influence-local-landuse-decision-making/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 14:40:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>danielix</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[livelihoods]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natural resources]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=874</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A better understanding of the factors driving local land use decision-making is crucial to formulate well-targeted policies and interventions that provide the right incentives for land users to achieve socially desired outcomes. Such interventions should have long-term time horizons and concurrently maintain or increase the natural resource base, safeguard or improve local livelihoods, and attain [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/influence-local-landuse-decision-making/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How much does loss of organic matter in soil (due to land degradation) contribute to national CO2 emissions; how much fixation will result from intensification of agriculture and conservation?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/loss-organic-matter-in-soil-land-degradation/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/loss-organic-matter-in-soil-land-degradation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2009 12:10:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Frits Penning de Vries</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[agriculture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CO2]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1372</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Land degradation is a widespread phenomenon in which large quantities of C are involved. Its contribution to national C-balances has not been quantified.
Explicit knowledge of this aspect of land degradation may stimulate government interest in the value of land, which is often one of the main assets of poor farmers.
]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/loss-organic-matter-in-soil-land-degradation/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What are the consequences of land cover and land use change for human societies and the sustainability of ecosystems?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/consequences-of-land-cover-and-land-use-change-for-human-societies-sustainability/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/consequences-of-land-cover-and-land-use-change-for-human-societies-sustainability/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 21:43:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>messouli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Climate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[agriculture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anthropogenic factors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecosystem services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human well-being]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[population]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=2171</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The environment of the Earth has many close connections and relationships with human activity. It is also now more widely recognized that a profound transformation of the Earth&#8217;s environment is taking place and that many of these changes are the result of human action. Growing world population and increasing wealth are driving demands for more [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/consequences-of-land-cover-and-land-use-change-for-human-societies-sustainability/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>what is the linkage between agricultural activities, biodiversity loss and sediment and nutrient fluxes into water systems and the overall impact of environmental degradation  on the survival of humankind?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/linkage-between-agriculture-biodiversity-loss-nutrient-fluxes-water-systems-degradation/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/linkage-between-agriculture-biodiversity-loss-nutrient-fluxes-water-systems-degradation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 22:06:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>basilmugy</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[agriculture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[soil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[water]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=2126</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Agricultural production is a predominant activity of the majority of the rural poor in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, due to land degradation as a result of inappropriate farming techniques, there is continued loss of Biodiversity and soil fertility through soil and water erosion and these eroded materials (sediments and nutrient fluxes) end up choking water systems, [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/linkage-between-agriculture-biodiversity-loss-nutrient-fluxes-water-systems-degradation/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Model experiments, intercomparisons and data evaluation are needed to quantify and help with management decisions and, ultimately, to provide scientific knowledge to improve the sustainability of the living Earth. Which interactive physical, chemical and biological processes &#8211; including the role of human activities from global to regional and at short and long timescales &#8211; are fundamental to study in order to gain a deeper understanding of the Earth System and priority areas such as vulnerability, impacts and adaptation?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/model-experiments-intercomparisons-and-data-evaluation-are-needed-to-quantify-and-help-with-management-decisions-and-ultimately-to-provide-scientific-knowledge-to-improve-the-sustainability-of-the/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/model-experiments-intercomparisons-and-data-evaluation-are-needed-to-quantify-and-help-with-management-decisions-and-ultimately-to-provide-scientific-knowledge-to-improve-the-sustainability-of-the/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 04 Sep 2009 10:36:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>J.morais</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Other]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[adaptation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Impact]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[knowledge gap]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[limits to growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[modelling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[resilience]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[systems thinking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[urbanization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vulnerability]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=2069</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (www.igbp.net) is embarking on a series of scientific syntheses to be completed by 2014. the initial synthesis topics, try to bring together some of the issues raised in the above question and include
•	Global limits to growth
•	Geoengineering
•	The role of changing nutrient loads in coastal zones and the open ocean in an increased [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/model-experiments-intercomparisons-and-data-evaluation-are-needed-to-quantify-and-help-with-management-decisions-and-ultimately-to-provide-scientific-knowledge-to-improve-the-sustainability-of-the/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How much longer are extractive land uses sustainable? The fate of nutrients.</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-much-longer-are-extractive-land-uses-sustainable-the-fate-of-nutrients/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-much-longer-are-extractive-land-uses-sustainable-the-fate-of-nutrients/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Aug 2009 08:18:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Werner</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natural resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nutrients]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1513</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Searching harvest, export, cycle, biogeochemical, mineral on this site (Aug7): no questions were found addressing the continuous export of nutrients. The human enterprise today is based on consuming natural resources (NR) in highly concentrated places, like cities. Much valuable nutrients end up in waters, dumps or burns. Areas of NR production tend to be wide [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-much-longer-are-extractive-land-uses-sustainable-the-fate-of-nutrients/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How complex multifunctional landscapes will adapt to climate change:  The role of science in identifying solutions to be implemented into planning and management.</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-complex-multifunctional-landscapes-will-adapt-to-climate-change/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-complex-multifunctional-landscapes-will-adapt-to-climate-change/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 13:26:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Sluque</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Climate]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth System]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[adaptation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[landscapes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1830</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Adapting landscape systems to climate change is an emerging topic in science. One of the most important challenges for future research will be to integrate research across different scales, including spatio-temporal scales within an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary framework. If we manage to follow this route, science will be able to move from analytical to actionable [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-complex-multifunctional-landscapes-will-adapt-to-climate-change/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What are the net consequences for human wellbeing of converting remaining areas of wild nature for &#8220;mainstream&#8221; economic use?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/converting-wildnature-to-economic-us-consequences-for-human-wellbeing/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/converting-wildnature-to-economic-us-consequences-for-human-wellbeing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2009 09:32:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>abalmford</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecosystems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human well-being]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1071</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This question is central to understanding whether conservation makes economic (as well as moral) sense. As the MA confirmed, nearly all studies to date focus on gross values of &#8220;intact&#8221; ecosystems, but policy makers need to know about changes net of the goods and services delivered during and after conversion. To date only ~5 studies [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/07/converting-wildnature-to-economic-us-consequences-for-human-wellbeing/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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