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	<title>Earth System Visioning &#187; sustainable development</title>
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	<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org</link>
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		<title>What are the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of integrated conservation and development practices?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/criteria-for-assessing-effectiveness-of-integrated-conservation-and-development-practices/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/criteria-for-assessing-effectiveness-of-integrated-conservation-and-development-practices/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2009 07:41:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Parastu</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[assessment & evaluation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[conservation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1708</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The paradigm shift in conservation and the commitment of international organizations to the goals of sustainable development gave birth to integrated conservation and development practices (ICDP). Naughton-treves et al. (2005) in the Annual Review of Environment and Resources concludes that ICDPs have had limited success in improvement of social welfare and biodiversity conservation. There is [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/criteria-for-assessing-effectiveness-of-integrated-conservation-and-development-practices/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to measure and evaluate progress in achieving the &#8220;overarching objective&#8221; of sustainable production and consumption?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/measure-and-evaluate-progress-in-achieving-sustainable-production-and-consumption/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/measure-and-evaluate-progress-in-achieving-sustainable-production-and-consumption/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 23:02:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>jeffreyhbarber</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[consumption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[measuring progress]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[production]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scientific consensus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1864</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[At the 1992 Earth Summit, world leaders acknowledged that unsustainable production and consumption patterns are the major cause of environmental degradation. These patterns drive climate change, biodiversity loss, and other global crises. In 2002 the World Summit on Sustainable Development identified sustainable production and consumption as one of the &#8220;overarching objectives&#8221; of sustainable development. However, [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/measure-and-evaluate-progress-in-achieving-sustainable-production-and-consumption/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Is Passive Management Approach still practical for Managing Biodiversity in a Changing Climate within Least Developed Countries?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/passive-management-still-practical-for-managing-biodiversity-within-least-developed-countries/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/passive-management-still-practical-for-managing-biodiversity-within-least-developed-countries/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Aug 2009 23:42:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>elikana kalumanga</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[extreme events]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1792</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Most of the least developed countries are managing their biodiversity using passive management approaches; leaving nature to take its own course.  With the climate variability, extremes and change species are suffering from extreme and persistent droughts, floods, wildfires etc. Seconded by the increasing population of people who also depend on climate-sensitive sectors (farming, fishing, [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/passive-management-still-practical-for-managing-biodiversity-within-least-developed-countries/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What model of collective action has proven to be the most effective in harmonizing social development with the functioning of natural systems?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/what-model-of-collective-action-has-proven-to-be-the-most-effective/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/what-model-of-collective-action-has-proven-to-be-the-most-effective/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2009 16:51:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>NLucas</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anthropogenic factors]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biosphere]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[collective action]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[human behavior]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1568</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Much is known already about anthropogenic change in natural systems and the consequences of such change for societies, both positive and negative. The scale of the role of human beings in the functioning of the Earth system is such that, barring cataclysmic events, it can be reasonably expected that the future evolution of the biosphere [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/what-model-of-collective-action-has-proven-to-be-the-most-effective/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What is the best fit trajectory of development to balance economic growth, natural resource use and low carbon emission in the less developed and emerging economies of Africa, Asia, and Latin America?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/best-fit-trajectory-of-development-in-emerging-economies/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/best-fit-trajectory-of-development-in-emerging-economies/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2009 21:46:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>mayowa</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Earth System]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[emerging economies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[low carbon economy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natural resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[poverty]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1693</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[To increase economic growth and reduce the number of the poor, the low income and emerging economies of Africa, Asia and Latin Ameria are going to strive more vigorously to achieve higher economic growth in the coming decade. This implies that they are going to explore every resources (importantly, natural resources)to do this. It is [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/best-fit-trajectory-of-development-in-emerging-economies/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How can we develop empathy for a global environmental system?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-can-we-develop-empathy-for-a-global-environmental-system/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-can-we-develop-empathy-for-a-global-environmental-system/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 18:07:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Matthias.Siewert</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Interdisciplinary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Other]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[empathy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natural resources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[population]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=2183</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the past conflicts and wars were mainly about self-determination and food (18th and 19th  Century) and space and resources (19th and 20th Century). Looking to the future and the 21th Century we will see more and more conflicts due to the overuse of environmental resources and systems. We are now living in the [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/how-can-we-develop-empathy-for-a-global-environmental-system/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Current trajectory of human action is not sustainable at a global scale: how can scientific understanding of complex systems and human perturbations devise sustainable development pathways across the scientific, policy and resource management divide, particularly at the regional level where most decisions are taken?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/how-can-scientific-understanding-of-complex-systems-and-human-perturbations-devise-sustainable-development-pathways/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/how-can-scientific-understanding-of-complex-systems-and-human-perturbations-devise-sustainable-development-pathways/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:24:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>J.morais</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Other]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biosphere]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[complex systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[population]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[water]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=2063</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[During the last 50 years the human population has risen from to 2,5 to over 6 billion. The use of land, water, minerals and other natural resources has increased almost ten-fold over the last two hundred years and approximately 50% of the ice-free land surface has now been significantly modified by humans and most of [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/how-can-scientific-understanding-of-complex-systems-and-human-perturbations-devise-sustainable-development-pathways/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>There are large disconnects between the world of scientific (including social-scientific) experts and the general public on subjects such as risk, vulnerability, and socio-ecological change. This presents challenges to generating the political change we need for embarking on more sustainable development pathways. In what ways does this disconnect affect the creation of appropriate policy, and how do we deal with it?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/how-to-deal-with-the-large-disconnects-between-scientific-experts-and-the-general-public/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/how-to-deal-with-the-large-disconnects-between-scientific-experts-and-the-general-public/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2009 12:14:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>kamalkapadia</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Social Science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[communication]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[general public]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[role of science]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rule of experts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1659</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The public is growing increasingly distrustful of politicians and of what academic Tim Mitchell calls &#8220;the rule of experts.&#8221; For real, transformative changes, we need mass buy-in and political pressure. What is our responsibility, as academics, in terms of making our research accessible, relevant and usable by the public? How do we bridge this gap?
]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/how-to-deal-with-the-large-disconnects-between-scientific-experts-and-the-general-public/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Model experiments, intercomparisons and data evaluation are needed to quantify and help with management decisions and, ultimately, to provide scientific knowledge to improve the sustainability of the living Earth. Which interactive physical, chemical and biological processes &#8211; including the role of human activities from global to regional and at short and long timescales &#8211; are fundamental to study in order to gain a deeper understanding of the Earth System and priority areas such as vulnerability, impacts and adaptation?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/model-experiments-intercomparisons-and-data-evaluation-are-needed-to-quantify-and-help-with-management-decisions-and-ultimately-to-provide-scientific-knowledge-to-improve-the-sustainability-of-the/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/model-experiments-intercomparisons-and-data-evaluation-are-needed-to-quantify-and-help-with-management-decisions-and-ultimately-to-provide-scientific-knowledge-to-improve-the-sustainability-of-the/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 04 Sep 2009 10:36:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>J.morais</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Other]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[adaptation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Impact]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[knowledge gap]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[land-use]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[limits to growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[modelling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[resilience]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[systems thinking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[urbanization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vulnerability]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=2069</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (www.igbp.net) is embarking on a series of scientific syntheses to be completed by 2014. the initial synthesis topics, try to bring together some of the issues raised in the above question and include
•	Global limits to growth
•	Geoengineering
•	The role of changing nutrient loads in coastal zones and the open ocean in an increased [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/09/model-experiments-intercomparisons-and-data-evaluation-are-needed-to-quantify-and-help-with-management-decisions-and-ultimately-to-provide-scientific-knowledge-to-improve-the-sustainability-of-the/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What do Amazonian Dark Earths or terra preta have to do with the Global Climate and what lessons can they teach us about sustainable development and human/environment interaction?</title>
		<link>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/amazonian-dark-earths/</link>
		<comments>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/amazonian-dark-earths/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Aug 2009 14:48:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>morgans</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Social-Ecological Systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amazon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[carbon sink]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[food]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icsu-visioning.org/?p=1130</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[We currently know little about Amazonian Dark Earths.  They are ubiquitous prehistoric human-made soils that store significant amounts of carbon and are thus a global carbon sink.  The soils are exceptionally fertile and resilient, standing out from the predominantly infertile Amazonian soils.  Some scientists have already suggested that we could create terra [...]]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.icsu-visioning.org/2009/08/amazonian-dark-earths/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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